Dieter Plehwe – Senior Research Fellow, Inequality and Social Policy Research Unit, Berlin Social Science Center (WZB)

Chair Vivien A. Schmidt – Jean Monnet Professor of European Integration and Professor of International Relations and Political Science, Boston University & CES Local Affiliate, Harvard University

Paolo Arginelli – IPBS MIM Master, Fculty, Catholic University, Italy

Pasquale Pistone – Academic Chairman, International Bureau of Fiscal Documentation (IBFD)

Yariv Brauner – Professor, Alumni Research Scholar, Levin College of Law, University of Florida

Ana Paula Dourado – Professor of Tax Law and European Tax Law, School of Law, University of Lisbon

Stephen Shay – Senior Lecturer, Harvard Law School

Chair José Manuel Martinez Sierra – Jean Monnet ad Personam Professor in EU Law and Government, Real Colegio Complutense & CES Local Affiliate, Harvard University

Sam Friedman – Associate Professor, Department of Sociology, London School of Economics

Jorge Fernandes – Postdoctoral Research Fellow, Institute of Social Sciences, University of Lisbon & CES Visiting Scholar, Harvard University

Douglas Alexander – Senior Fellow, The Future of Diplomacy Project, Harvard Kennedy School; Chair of Unicef United Kingdom; former Secretary of State for International Development and UK Governor to the World Bank

Muriel Rouyer – Visiting Scholar 2009-2010, Minda de Gunzburg Center for European Studies, Harvard University

Seth Johnston – Major, United States Army; Visiting Scholar 2018-2019, CES, Harvard University; International Affairs Fellow, Council on Foreign Relations; Research Associate, Project on Europe and the Transatlantic Relationship, Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs, Harvard Kennedy School

Philip Rathgeb – Visiting Scholar, CES, Harvard University; Postdoctoral Fellow, University of Konstanz

Irfan Hemani – Mid Career MPA, Harvard Kennedy School; Programme Director, Aga Khan Foundation

Ammar Waraich – MPP Candidate, Harvard Kennedy School; Member of the Royal College of Physicians; Fellow of the UK Higher Education Academy

Moderated by Muriel Rouyer – Visiting Scholar 2009-2010, Minda de Gunzburg Center for European Studies, Harvard University

Sir Paul Tucker – Senior Fellow, Minda de Gunzburg Center for European Studies, Harvard University; Research Fellow, Mossavar-Rahmani Center for Business and Government, Harvard Kennedy School; Deputy Governor, The Bank of England (2009-2013)

Alberto Alesina – Nathaniel Ropes Professor of Political Economy, Harvard University; Faculty Associate, CES, Harvard University

Eric Beerbohm – Professor of Government, Harvard University

Kathleen McNamara – Professor of Government and Foreign Service, Georgetown University

Daphna Renan – Assistant Professor of Law, Harvard Law School

Chair and Discussant Lawrence H. Summers – Charles W. Eliot University Professor, Harvard University; President Emeritus, Harvard University

Francesco Giavazzi – Senior Professor of Economics, Università Bocconi

Federico Rampini – US Bureau Chief, La Repubblica

Chair Charles Maier – Leverett Saltonstall Research Professor of History, Harvard University; Resident Faculty & Director (1994-2001), Minda de Gunzburg Center for European Studies, Harvard University

Elissa Berwick – PhD Student, Comparative Politics and Methodology, MIT & CES Graduate Student Affiliate, Harvard University

Hernan del Valle  – Rita E. Hauser Fellow, Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study, Harvard University